His mother was Nephthys and
that his father was, according to some, Set; from another point of view he was
the son of Ra. His worship is very ancient, and there is no doubt that even the
earliest times his cult was general in Egypt; it is probable that it is older
than that of Osiris. In the text of Unas {line 70} he is associated with the Eye
of Horus, and his duty as the guide of the dead in the Underworld on their way
to Osiris was well defined, even at the remote period when this composition was
written, from we read, Unas standeth with the Spirits, get thee onwards, Anubis,
into "Amenti [the Underworld], onwards, onwards to Osiris."
In the lines that follow we see
that Anubis is mentioned in connection with Horus, Set, Thoth, Sep, and
Khent-an-maati. From another passage of the same text we find {line 207 ff} that
the hand, arms, belly, and legs of the deceased are identified with Temu, but
his face is said to be in the form of that of Anubis. The localities in which
Anubis was especially worshipped are Abt, the Papyrus Swamps, Sep, Re-au,
Heru-ti, Ta-hetchet, Saint, {Lycopolis}, Sekhem, {Letopolis}, etc. In the Theban
Recesion of the Book of the Dead he plays some very prominent parts, the most
important of all being those which are connected with the judgment and the
embalmed the body of Osiris, and that he swathed it in the linen swathing which
were woven by Isis and Nepthys, that it resisted the influences of time and
deacy.
In the vignette of the Funeral
Procession the mummy is received by Anubis, who stands by the Book of the Dead
the god is seen standing by the side of the mummy as it lies on its bier, and he
lays his protecting hands upon it. In the speech which is put into the mouth of
Anubis, he says, "I have come to protect Osiris." In the text of Unas {line 219}
the nose of the deceased declares, My lips are the lips of Anpu." From various
passages it is clear that one part of Egypt at least Anubis was the great god of
the Underworld, and his rank and importance seem to have been as great as those
of Osiris...
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His mother was Nephthys and
that his father was, according to some, Set; from another point of view he was
the son of Ra. His worship is very ancient, and there is no doubt that even the
earliest times his cult was general in Egypt; it is probable that it is older
than that of Osiris. In the text of Unas {line 70} he is associated with the Eye
of Horus, and his duty as the guide of the dead in the Underworld on their way
to Osiris was well defined, even at the remote period when this composition was
written, from we read, Unas standeth with the Spirits, get thee onwards, Anubis,
into "Amenti [the Underworld], onwards, onwards to Osiris."
In the lines that follow we see
that Anubis is mentioned in connection with Horus, Set, Thoth, Sep, and
Khent-an-maati. From another passage of the same text we find {line 207 ff} that
the hand, arms, belly, and legs of the deceased are identified with Temu, but
his face is said to be in the form of that of Anubis. The localities in which
Anubis was especially worshipped are Abt, the Papyrus Swamps, Sep, Re-au,
Heru-ti, Ta-hetchet, Saint, {Lycopolis}, Sekhem, {Letopolis}, etc. In the Theban
Recesion of the Book of the Dead he plays some very prominent parts, the most
important of all being those which are connected with the judgment and the
embalmed the body of Osiris, and that he swathed it in the linen swathing which
were woven by Isis and Nepthys, that it resisted the influences of time and
deacy.
In the vignette of the Funeral
Procession the mummy is received by Anubis, who stands by the Book of the Dead
the god is seen standing by the side of the mummy as it lies on its bier, and he
lays his protecting hands upon it. In the speech which is put into the mouth of
Anubis, he says, "I have come to protect Osiris." In the text of Unas {line 219}
the nose of the deceased declares, My lips are the lips of Anpu." From various
passages it is clear that one part of Egypt at least Anubis was the great god of
the Underworld, and his rank and importance seem to have been as great as those
of Osiris...
Tutankhamun, the Boy King or Pharaoh, was born around 1367 BC. His birth name
was Tutankhaten which means 'Living image of Aton'. At the age of nine, in 1358
BC, he acceded to the Egyptian throne, the last but one Pharaoh of the 18th
Dynasty. He was the son of Kiya, a lesser wife of the Pharaoh. The marriage
between Tutankhaten and his half-sister Ankhesenpa'aten had already taken place.
They shared the same father, Akhenaten the Heretic, who was responsible for
changing the religion of the Egyptians from the worship of many gods, to
monotheism, the worship of one god. The god he chose was the Solar Disc, Aten
(or Aton).
Tutankhamun's Queen:
Ankhesenpa'aten was the daughter of Nefertiti, Queen of Egypt and the beloved
wife of Akhenaten. Princess Ankhesenpa'aten changed her name to Ankhesenamun
upon the restoration of the old religions. It is known that the young couple had
at least two offspring, but unfortunately they were stillborn. The mummified
foetuses were found in Tutankhamun's tomb. Once widowed, the young Queen was
forced to marry Ay, her maternal grandfather, to assure his accession to the
Egyptian throne. Her fate after this is unknown.
Tutankhamun's Reign:
After Tutankhamun became Pharaoh, he set about restoring the old deities,
reverting to the old religions and thus giving the power back to the priests of
Amun. This is when he changed his name to Tutankhamun. Exact pronunciation of
Egyptian names is not known because vowels were not written down. His name has a
variety of spellings including: Tutankhamen, Tutankhamon and Tutankhamun.
Another name he was known by was Nebkheperu, as Egyptian Pharaohs had two names.
Tutankhamun also reinstated Thebes (Luxor) as capital of Egypt. Thebes had been
relegated in favour of a new city built especially for his beloved wife. The new
city, Akhetaten (Amarna) was never accepted as capital of Egypt by the Egyptian
people. During a battle in 1350 BC, Tutankhamun was killed or murdered; Ay
claimed Queen Ankhesenamun as his wife but ruled for only four years...
In the days before Ra had left the earth, before he had
begun to grow old, his great wisdom told him that if the goddess Nut bore
children, one of them would end his reign among men. So Re laid a curse upon Nut
- that she should not be able to bear any child upon any day in the year. Full of sorrow, Nut went for help to Thoth, the
thrice-great god of wisdom and magic and learning, Re's son, who loved her.
Thoth knew that the curse of Re, once spoken, could never be recalled, but in
his wisdom he found a way of escape. He went to Khonsu, the Moon-god, and
challenged him to a contest at draughts.
Game after game they played and always Thoth won. The stakes grew higher and higher, but Khonsu wagered the most, for
it was some of his own light that he risked and lost. At last Khonsu would play no more. Then Thoth the
thrice-great in wisdom gathered up the light which he had won and made it into
five extra days which for ever after were set between the end of the old year
and the beginning of the new. The year was of three hundred and sixty days
before this, but the five days which were added, which were not days of any
year, were ever afterwards held as days of festival in old Egypt. But, since his match with Thoth, Khonsu the moon has not
had enough light to shine throughout the month, but dwindles into darkness and
then grows to his full glory again; for he had lost the light needed to make
five whole days. On the first of these days Osiris, the eldest son of
Nut, was born, and the second day was set aside to be the birthday of Horus the
Elder.
On the third day the second son of Nut was born, dark Seth, the lord of
evil. On the fourth her daughter Isis first saw the light, and her second
daughter Nephthys on the fifth. In this way the curse of Re was both fulfilled
and defeated: for the days on which the children of Nut were born belonged to no
year.When Osiris was born many signs and wonders were seen
and heard throughout the world. Most notable was the voice which came from the
holiest shrine in the temple at Thebes on the Nile, which today is called Karnak,
speaking to a man called Pamyles bidding him proclaim to all men that Osiris,
the good and mighty king, was born to bring joy to all the earth...
Why is Cleopatra thought by some to be one of the most
seductive women in all human history? The Cleopatra of history, legend, plays,
and film was actually Cleopatra VII who was born in Alexandria, the then capital
of Egypt, in 69 BC. Her father, Ptolemy XII, was of Greek origin and a cruel and
unpopular ruler. He was probably married to his own sister, Cleopatra V, as
marriage to siblings was common during the Ptolemaic dynasty.
Cleopatra VII had two older sisters, Cleopatra VI and
Berenice. She also had a younger sister, Arsinoe, and two younger brothers, both
sharing the name Ptolemy. By the year 51 B.C. Cleopatra's father, Ptolemy XII
and her older sister, Cleopatra VI, had both died and her other sister, Berenice,
had been beheaded, leaving Cleopatra and her brother Ptolemy XIII, heirs to the
throne. Cleopatra was a young woman, now 17 or 18 and her younger brother just
12 or 13. A marriage of convenience was arranged, and Cleopatra and her younger
brother were wed.
For the next few years Cleopatra controlled the reins of power
until Ptolemy's supporters, led by named Pothinus, a eunuch, conspired to
overthrow her. In 48 B.C., they were successful and Cleopatra, now powerless,
fled to Syria, with her one surviving sister, Arsinoe. Already having
distinguished herself as being very intelligent, speaking nine languages,
including Egyptian, (the first Ptolemaic ruler to be able to do so) Cleopatra
was about to distinguish herself again, plotting to regain power and to prove
herself a shrewd and cunning political leader. There are different accounts
about whether or not she was beautiful; some say she was, and others that she
had and unglamorously long, bent nose and coarse, more masculine features. But
there is a general accord amongst historians that she gave a lot of attention to
the care of her body and the way she deported herself. It is also agreed that
men found her very attractive and her ways, seductive...
"Then... there
began the building of that now called Gizeh... the Hall of the Initiates...
This, then, receives all the records from the beginnings of that given by the
priest... to that period when there is to be the change in the earth's
position and the return of the Great Initiate to that and other lands for the
folding up of those prophecies that are depicted there. All changes that came
in the religious thought in the world are shown there, in the variations in
which the passage through same is reached, from the base to the top - or to
the open tomb and the top. These are signified by both the layer and the
colour [and] in what direction the turn is made. "This, then is the purpose,
for the record and the meaning to be interpreted by those that have come and
do come as the teachers of the various periods, in the experience of this
present condition, of the activity of the spheres of the earth..."- Edgar Cayce, 30th June 1932.
As one of the last remaining 'seven wonders' of the ancient
world, the Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt stands as an enigmatic testimony to
man's mysterious past. Like all other great monuments and statues of past
civilisations, the Great Pyramid fascinates and confounds, begging the same
questions: Why and how was it built? Unfortunately, the scientific and
egyptologist fraternities cannot satisfy the truth-seeker with answers to
these perplexing questions. The magnificence of ancient monuments contradict
the 'party line' that man is only now at the top of the evolutionary scale,
and could not have possessed advanced knowledge thousands of years ago. As was
shown in the article 'Wonders of the Great Pyramid Revealed' (see New Dawn No.
39), the mathematical and astronomical precision of the structure is not
accidental but the result of an advanced knowledge. The most enduring
hypothesis on how the Egyptians gained their knowledge is that it came from
Atlantis. Ancient legend goes that the first Egyptians arrived from a
land to the West - the direction in which Atlantis is said to have existed...
Introduction:
As is the case with most ancient mythologies, the Egyptians created
myths to try to explain their place in the cosmos. Their understanding of the
cosmic order was from direct observation of nature. Therefore their creation
myths concern themselves with gods of nature; the earth, the sky, the sun, the
moon, the stars, and of course, the Nile river. Since the Nile river, with its
annual floods played a critical role in this cosmic order. It should come as no
surprise to find water the fundamental element in the Egyptians ideas of
creation. For the Egyptians to watch the inundation of their land would have
been like watching a earthly model of their ideas of a watery creation. Allow me
to explain. In the beginning there
was only water, a chaos of churning, bubbling water, this the Egyptians called
Nu or
Nun. It was out of
Nu that everything began. As with the
Nile, each year the inundation no doubt caused chaos to all creatures living on
the land, so this represents Nu. eventually the floods would recede and out of
the chaos of water would emerge a hill of dry land, one at first, then more.
On
this first dry hilltop, on the first day came the first sunrise. So that is how
the Egyptians explain the beginning of all things.Not surprisingly, the sun was
also among the most important elements in the Egyptians lives and therefore had
an important role as a creator god. His names and attributes varied greatly. As
the rising sun his name was Khepri, the great scarab beetle, or Ra-Harakhte who
was seen as a winged solar-disk or as the youthful sun of the eastern horizon.
As the sun climbed toward mid-day it was called Ra, great and strong. When the
sun set in the west it was known as Atum the old man, or Horus on the horizon.
As a solar-disk he was known as Aten. The sun was also said to be an egg laid
daily by Geb, the 'Great Cackler' when he took the form of a goose.To the
Egyptians the moon was any one of a number of gods. As an attribute of the god
Horus the moon represented his left eye while his right was the sun. Seth was a
lunar god, in his struggles with the solar god Horus, Seth is seen as a god of
darkness doing constant battle with the god of light. We often find the
ibis-headed god Thoth wearing a lunar creseant on his head...
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Why is Cleopatra thought by some to be one of the most
seductive women in all human history? The Cleopatra of history, legend, plays,
and film was actually Cleopatra VII who was born in Alexandria, the then capital
of Egypt, in 69 BC. Her father, Ptolemy XII, was of Greek origin and a cruel and
unpopular ruler. He was probably married to his own sister, Cleopatra V, as
marriage to siblings was common during the Ptolemaic dynasty. 
By
Jason Jeffrey
)
Introduction:
As is the case with most ancient mythologies, the Egyptians created
myths to try to explain their place in the cosmos. Their understanding of the
cosmic order was from direct observation of nature. Therefore their creation
myths concern themselves with gods of nature; the earth, the sky, the sun, the
moon, the stars, and of course, the Nile river. Since the Nile river, with its
annual floods played a critical role in this cosmic order. It should come as no
surprise to find water the fundamental element in the Egyptians ideas of
creation. For the Egyptians to watch the inundation of their land would have
been like watching a earthly model of their ideas of a watery creation. Allow me
to explain. In the beginning there
was only water, a chaos of churning, bubbling water, this the Egyptians called
Nu or
Nun. It was out of
Nu that everything began. As with the
Nile, each year the inundation no doubt caused chaos to all creatures living on
the land, so this represents Nu. eventually the floods would recede and out of
the chaos of water would emerge a hill of dry land, one at first, then more. 
