Sea serpents and sea dragons
have been reported by ships for a long time. They are obviously not that
different to the dragons of mythology... it is simply that most of these do not
have myths attached to them. The story comes from the retelling of the sighting.
Some of the sightings remain mysterious and are possibly candidates for
undiscovered species. Others seem more likely to be something more mundane.
Faced with a topic like this, it is important not to be too quick to decide that
all sightings must be true or that all sightings are explained by other things.
Each case should be taken on its own merits.
Daedalus: In August 1848, the HMS Daedalus was
heading back to England from India. Whilst passing by the coast of Namibia, the
ship encountered a sea serpent. Captain M'Quhae described the serpent as about
60 feet long. It was floating on the water, with its head held above the water.
They could not see how it was moving as it was keeping its body still.
Presumably there was some other part under the water propelling it. It was said
to have a serpent's head, some sort of mane on its back and to be brown in
colouration (with yellow-white around the throat).The sighting caused some
controversy. Experts tried to come up with alternative theories for the
sighting, rather than accepting it could be true. Examples of suggestions were
it was a seal (the size was an error) or part of a ship being pulled by a
harpooned whale or shark under the water. Neither seemed to be a mistake a
seasoned (and sober) sea captain would be likely to make, though it is always
possible.
Hydrarchos: In 1845 Albert C. Koch unveiled a complete
sea serpent fossil skeleton, which he called Hydrarchos harlani. It was
alleged that it had been recovered in Alabama. The bones were put on display for
the public with a great deal of publicity. Koch certainly knew how to get the
viewers in for his finds. It was soon discovered to be a fraud. Koch has
constructed the creature from five fossil whale skeletons. Charles Lyell (1849)
wrote about how the fraud had been worked out: ...
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Scientists have revealed a
mysterious recording that they say could be the sound of a giant beast lurking
in the depths of the ocean. Researchers have nicknamed the strange
unidentified sound picked up by undersea microphones "Bloop." While it bears the
varying frequency hallmark of marine animals, it is far more powerful than the
calls made by any creature known on Earth, Britain's New Scientist reported on
Thursday. It is too big for a whale and one theory is that it is a deep sea
monster, possibly a many-tentacled giant squid. In 1997, Bloop was detected by
U.S. Navy "spy" sensors 3,000 miles apart that had been put there to detect the
movement of Soviet submarines, the magazine reports. The frequency of the sound
meant it had to be much louder than any recognised animal noise, including that
produced by the largest whales. So is it a huge octopus? Although dead giant
squid have been washed up on beaches, and tell-tale sucker marks have been seen
on whales, there has never been a confirmed sighting of one of the elusive
cephalopods in the wild.
The largest dead squid on
record measured about 60ft including the length of its tentacles, but no one
knows how big the creatures might grow. For years sailors have told tales of
monsters of the deep including the huge, many-tentacled kraken that could reach
as high as a ship's mainmast and sink the biggest ships. However Phil Lobel, a
marine biologist at Boston University, Massachusetts, doubts that giant squid
are the source of Bloop. "Cephalopods have no gas-filled sac, so they have no
way to make that type of noise," he said. "Though you can never rule anything
out completely, I doubt it." Nevertheless he agrees that the sound is most
likely to be biological in origin. The system picking up Bloop and other strange
noises from the deep is a military relic of the Cold War. In the 1960s the U.S.
Navy set up an array of underwater microphones, or hydrophones, around the globe
to track Soviet submarines. The network was known as SOSUS, short for Sound
Surveillance System...
Sea serpents and sea dragons
have been reported by ships for a long time. They are obviously not that
different to the dragons of mythology... it is simply that most of these do not
have myths attached to them. The story comes from the retelling of the sighting.
Some of the sightings remain mysterious and are possibly candidates for
undiscovered species. Others seem more likely to be something more mundane.
Faced with a topic like this, it is important not to be too quick to decide that
all sightings must be true or that all sightings are explained by other things.
Each case should be taken on its own merits.
Daedalus: In August 1848, the HMS Daedalus was
heading back to England from India. Whilst passing by the coast of Namibia, the
ship encountered a sea serpent. Captain M'Quhae described the serpent as about
60 feet long. It was floating on the water, with its head held above the water.
They could not see how it was moving as it was keeping its body still.
Presumably there was some other part under the water propelling it. It was said
to have a serpent's head, some sort of mane on its back and to be brown in
colouration (with yellow-white around the throat).The sighting caused some
controversy. Experts tried to come up with alternative theories for the
sighting, rather than accepting it could be true. Examples of suggestions were
it was a seal (the size was an error) or part of a ship being pulled by a
harpooned whale or shark under the water. Neither seemed to be a mistake a
seasoned (and sober) sea captain would be likely to make, though it is always
possible.
Hydrarchos: In 1845 Albert C. Koch unveiled a complete
sea serpent fossil skeleton, which he called Hydrarchos harlani. It was
alleged that it had been recovered in Alabama. The bones were put on display for
the public with a great deal of publicity. Koch certainly knew how to get the
viewers in for his finds. It was soon discovered to be a fraud. Koch has
constructed the creature from five fossil whale skeletons. Charles Lyell (1849)
wrote about how the fraud had been worked out: ...
On a December day in 1848 the sailing ship Pekin was
becalmed off the Cape of Good Hope near Southern Africa when a crew member
spotted a strange creature in the water. Careful examination of the animal by
use of a telescope revealed it to be snake-like, with a large head and shaggy
mane. Only two months before the HMS Daedulus had reported seeing a
sea serpent in that very same region. Amid great excitement a small boat, it's
crew prepared to capture the animal, was lowered into the water. The captain,
Frederic Smith, watched from a distance, with concern for the safety of his men,
as the small boat approached the creature. To the Captain's surprise the animal
did not move at all as the boat drew near. He was even more surprised when the
crew of the boat proceeded to tow the "creature" back to the Pekin.
The sea serpent turned out to be a twenty foot long piece of
floating seaweed with a root shaped like a head and neck. Could the Daedulus sea
serpent been of similar origin? Judging distance, size and motion of an object in the sea is
extremely difficult. Objects on land can be compared to nearby trees and
boulders. In the water only the waves offer a clue to scale and the size of
waves vary enormously depending on weather conditions. The movement of the waves can also suggest motion where there is
none. Arthur Adams, a ship's surgeon in the 1860's, spotted what appeared to be
a mysterious creature moving through the water by using lateral undulations of
it's body. His ship's course was altered to intercept the animal and capture it.
When they approached the thing Adam's wrote: "By this time, however, a closer and more critical inspection
had taken place, and the supposed sea monster had turned himself into a long,
dark root, gnarled and twisted, of a tree, secured to the moorings of a fishing
net, with a strong tide passing it rapidly, and thus giving it an apparent
life-like movement and serpentine aspect." The Daedulus affair might also be explained by an abandoned
native canoe painted like a snake. L. Sprague de Camp suggested the owners of
the canoe may have harpooned a large sea animal, like a whale shark, and they
were either spilled into the sea when the animal surfaced under the boat, or
jumped in panic when they could not cut the line dragging the canoe...
This
is the story of one of the world's most elusive, mysterious and fantastic
creatures. It is a creature we know so very little about, despite the fact that
it was first scientifically described nearly 130 years ago. Clyde Roper, one of
the world's foremost researchers on the subject, points out that we know more
about the dinosaurs then we do about the giant squid. Is this true? If so, why?
A Clandestine Creature: Roper's statement is indeed true, and
reminds us repeatedly that the world's oceans quite possibly shelter even more
amazing animals yet to be discovered. Though BBC's
Weird Nature boldly stated that "The Giant
Squid is the last great mystery of the oceans," obvious truth states otherwise.
Consider the Indo-Pacific beaked whale (Indopacetus
pacificus), an air-breathing mammal that has never been seen in the flesh
and is known only from two skulls found on the beach, one in Somalia and the
other in Queensland.
In fact, we have more specimens of giant squid than we do
of Baird's beaked whale (Berardius bairdii),
the northern bottlenose whale (Hyperoodon
ampullatus), and the goose-beaked whale (Ziphius
cavirostris). Again, all air-breathing mammals that must come to the
surface. We are then left to do nothing less but ponder,
"What lurks beneath the churning waters that
cover so much of our globe? Have we the slightest notion what might be hidden by
that endless sprawl of hydrosphere? Who knows what fantastic creatures science
has yet to behold?"What
we do know about the giant squid in relation to habitation is this: They
primarily dwell in the great deeps of the ocean, rarely coming to the surface.
Though BBC's Weird Nature again boldly claims, "In fact, they only ever come to
the surface when dead or dying," truth, again, states otherwise...
Pressie (named for the Presque
Isle River where one of the best sightings occurred) is one of the world's most
seldom seen lake monsters. This is likely due to the sheer vastness of Lake
Superior. Known as Mishipishu (and variations thereof) to the area's native
people, the animal is depicted in pictographs at various shoreline sites, either
as a spiky cat-like creature (its Ojibway name means "great lynx") or as a
serpent (sometimes called by other names). Modern sightings indicate a
serpentine species up to at least 75 feet in length with a horse-like head on a
longish neck and a bilobate (whale-type) tail. They swim in a vertically
undulating fashion and are said to be dark green to black in color.
Sightings:In September
1894, about halfway between Whitefish Point and Copper Harbor, Michigan, the
crews of two steamers observed one of these creatures undulating along in the
twilight, its back protruding 6 to 8 feet out of the water. In July 1895, three
members of a steamer crew observed a "hideous creature" off Whitefish Point (MI)
which seemed at times to be deliberately pacing their ship. They claimed it had
a 15 foot neck and at least a foot wide jaw. In 1897 near Duluth (MN), a Detroit
man fell overboard when his yacht struck a rock. He was then attacked by a huge
serpent which alledgedly tried to constrict him in the manner of a large Boid
snake. Apparently his 3 shipmates also saw the beast. In the middle 1930's, a
serpent, cruising along at 8.5 to 9 miles per hour, was observed by two
fisherman at Pictured Rocks National Lakeshore by Munising, Michigan. The animal
created a strong wake as it swam along the rocky shore. On a summer day in the early
1960's, an entire family watched a huge animal, alternately showing humps and
stretching out straight, swim upriver past the North coast of Sugar Island (MI).
No head or tail was observed and it resembled a log when stretched out straight.
Sometime during Memorial Day weekend in 1977, North of Ironwood (MI), hiker
Randy Braun was menaced by a huge serpent with a horse-like head and two
catfish-type whiskers. As he hid behind a boulder, he managed to snap one
photograph of the animal.
There
have been myriad accounts of sea goers and their encounters with creatures
unknown to the world. There are reported attacks, harmless sightings, or
mysterious carcasses washing ashore. The descriptions range from giant versions
of known species, such as squid or jellyfish, to horned serpents, sea monsters
with hair, and anything else imaginable. Many of the "serpents" are said to swim
in an undulating manner, unlike the side-to-side motion of fish. There have also
been detailed encounters beasts resembling the thought-to-be-extinct dinosaurs,
such as the plesiosaur.
The most striking feature of
the Architheutis duxis its long, torpedo-shaped body, with 10 tentacles, two of
which extend longer than the rest. It has a strong beak, similar to a parrot’s
and large round eyes. When the cone shaped squid head sticks out of the water
with its tentacles deployed, it might look like a serpent head and tail from a
distance. Also a single tentacle with a club of suckers on the end might look
like the head and neck of a Pleisosaur. The Kraken of legend is probably what we
know today as the giant squid. While a colossal octopus might also fit the
description, the squid is thought to be much more aggressive and more likely to
come to the surface. Though giant squids are considerably less then a mile and a
half across, they are large enough to wrestle with a sperm whale.The
architheutis lives in the ocean depths ranging from 200 to 1000 meters, as long
as the temperature remains below 5 ° C. When a current like the Gulf Stream
drives it in colder waters, it tends to come closer to the surface where the
temperature is higher. The giant squid has actually been acknowledged by science
to exist but is very rarely observed. Bodies of giant squids have been found
stranded on some beaches. There are some whales that carry scars of huge suction
marks. Heuvelmans and other scientists have used formula to deduct the total
size of the animal from the diameter of the suckers...
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