A 'lost city', that could turn out to be the
fabled city of Atlantis, has been located by a Canadian scientific research
team. In a press release dated Havana, 14 May 2001 Reuters of London informed
the world that Soviet-born ocean engineer Paulina Zelitsky, the president of
Canadian-based company Advanced Digital Communications, had detected 'a sunken
city' in deep waters off the west coast of Cuba, the largest island of the
Caribbean.....
Introduction: Quite why a story
written 2,500 years ago by the Greek philosopher Plato continues to capture the
public imagination is a mystery in itself - a mystery fed by countless books,
films, articles, web pages, and now a Disney cartoon. It has spawned a rich
populist sub-culture (much of it internet-based) which pits the passions and
imaginations of committed 'Atlanteans' against the orthodox analysis of the
scientific mainstream. Part of the contemporary appeal of the Atlantis story has
no doubt been fed by scientists. Historians, archaeologists and geologists have
also entered the debate to contest the various literary, historical or
geographical elements of the story. Currently - following Bernhard Zangger's new
book presenting the archaeological case for Troy as the true inspiration for
Atlantis - we have the BBC Horizon documentary 'Helike - The Real Atlantis'
staking the same claim for the Classical Greek city of Helike. Atlantis, it
seems, remains a very bankable media product.
'So what do
we actually know about Atlantis and its demise?' So what do we actually know
about Atlantis and its demise? The answer is not much. Plato's story comes to us
from two short pieces, Tinnaeus and Critias, believed to have been written in
the decade or so before his death in 348 BC. In these, he presents an apparently
true account of an ideal society that existed many millennia before the
Classical Greek times in which he was writing. According to Plato, Atlantis was
a great island (larger than Libya and Asia combined) in the Atlantic Ocean, but
its control extended beyond the 'Pillars of Heracles' into the Mediterranean as
far as Egypt and Tyrrhenia (Italy). Its powerful and remarkable dynasty of kings
arose directly from Poseidon, god of sea and of earthquakes, though this divine
and heroic lineage gradually became diluted by mixing with mortal stock. The
resulting degeneration of this noble civilisation led it into a war with its
former ally, Athens, and culminated in its cataclysmic destruction, which Plato
dates as 9,000 years previously...
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After WW II, scientists started to pay
close attention to the issue of a supposedly once-existing civilization in
Antarctica. The hypothesis is confirmed by some medieval maps and research of
paleogeologists and glaciologists. In January of 1820, Lieutenant of Russian
Empire Fleet Mikhail Lazarev discovered a new continent. In the beginning of
20th century, a Russian encyclopaedia, while adducing the approximate square
milage of south pole continent, reported that it was insufficiently explored and
there was no flora and fauna. The author of the article also mentioned the
richness of the algae and sea life.
Twenty years later, the director of the
Istanbul National Museum, Khalil Edkhem, was sorting out a library of the
Byzantine emperors in an old palace. He found an ancient map made on gazelle
skin. On the map, there were the shores of western and southern Africa, as well
as the northern shores of Antarctica. Khalil could not believe hiseyes: the
shores of the Queen Mod Land, to the south of the 70th parallel, was free of
ice. An ancient cartographer marked a mountain chain there. The name of the
cartographer was known: an admiral of the Ottoman Empire fleet, Piri Reis, who
lived in the first half of 16th century. The map’s authenticity was without
doubt. Graphology examinations of the notes on the margin confirmed that they
belonged to the admiral.
In 1949, a combined British and Swedish
expedition conducted intensive seismic measurements of the South Pole through
the ice cap. According to the commander of 8th Technical Investigation Squadron
of the US Armed Force Strategic Command, Colonel Harold Olmayer, “ the
geographical details of the bottom part of the map (the shore of Antarctica)
correspond with the results of the seismic measurements. We cannot correlate
these data with the supposed level of geography in 1513.”
In his notes on the map’s margin, made
in the early 16th century, Piri Reis explained that he was not responsible for
the cartography and that the map was based on earlier sources. Some of these
“earlier sources” belong to his contemporaries (for example, to Christopher
Columbus), while others could be dated to the 4th century B. C. Not later,
because one of these sources belonged to Alexander the Great.Of course,
professional historians who specialize in ancient history could say the
following: “This is only one more hypothesis. What about documentary and, what
is more desirable, trust-worthy sources? The opinion of the Turkish admiral and
notes on a margin… You know, it is too disputable!”
Therefore, I would like to present the
position of the late historian and professor of Keene College in New Hampshire,
USA, Charles H. Hapgood. In the late 1959, he found in the Washington
Congressional Library a map created by Orontheus Phynius in 1531. Orontheus
Phynius depicted Antarctica with mountains and rivers, without glaciers. The
relief of the continent’s center was not marked, which, according to Hapgood,
could mean that there had been an ice cap in that area. In the early 1960s,
Phynius’ map was studied by Doctor Richard Stratchen of the Massachusetts
Technology Institute together with Hapgood. Both scientists concluded that
Phynius had indeed depicted Antarctica free of ice. The characteristics depicted
were very close to the information that was obtained in 1958 by specialists from
different countries...
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(Read the FULL Article here... | 11099 bytes more | comments? | Score: 0 ) Posted by nuke on Friday, March 31 @ 08:29:01 CST (210 reads)
Plato
describes Atlantis as an isle that had its position in the Atlantic. (In order
to achieve a better understanding, we have to take note of the former Greek
conception of the world: The Atlantic was imagined as the ocean surrounding the
former known continents, meaning Africa and Eurasia).
In his description of Atlantis its landscape,
nature and metropolis are incomparably beautiful and the culture is very
advanced in technology, due to an unusually well educated population. In the end
this island disappears into the sea due to an earthquake which might be related
to gigantic submarine volcanic explosions. The result is a flood of huge
proportions, coming over the land, destroying almost everything. The sea level
rises a few hundred meters and so Atlantis sinks. This catastrophe is said to
have happened during a single day and night. Plato wrote down his knowledge in
two dialogues:
Timaeus and
Critias. These are the first recorded papers that appeared about Atlantis.
Contents of Timaeus:
Timaeus, a priest of Egypt, describes the isle
to Solon, a citizen of Athens. He claims that Atlantis had been bigger than
Libya and Asia Minor together. Besides that, the priest talks about a well
educated civilisation that is said to have existed there 10,000 years B. C. The
sphere of Atlantis? influence is said to have convered all the nations of the
Mediterranean Sea up to Athens.
Contents of Critias:
In Critias Plato writes the story of Atlantis
and he describes the nation as an idealistic state. He reports on a war between
main armed forces of ancient Athens and the kings of Atlantis which was fought
9000 years before his time. These two ?nations? are geographically well defined
from each other in that the one existed within the Columns of Heracles (today
Gibraltar) and the other outside. We can infer from Athens? position that
Atlantis has to be the nation which has its position outside the Columns of
Herakles.
Poseidon receives the isle of Atlantis: At the beginning of this dialogue, after short
interesting remarks on Atlantis, Plato tells something about ancient Athens.
It?s especially about the allocation of its different areas between the Gods and
about principle such as wisdom and art. Poseidon, the Greek God of the sea,
receives the isle Atlantis, which was said to have been bigger than Libya Minor
and Asia together, for his section. In the centre it has a very beautiful,
fertile plain and in the coastal region mountains with high downward gradient
lines up which dropped off very strongly in direction to the sea.
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Lost City found off Cuba! ?Is it Proof of Atlantis?
A 'lost city', that could turn out to be the
fabled city of Atlantis, has been located by a Canadian scientific research
team. In a press release dated Havana, 14 May 2001 Reuters of London informed
the world that Soviet-born ocean engineer Paulina Zelitsky, the president of
Canadian-based company Advanced Digital Communications, had detected 'a sunken
city' in deep waters off the west coast of Cuba, the largest island of the
Caribbean.....
Share this Article :
(Read the FULL Article here... | 17197 bytes more | comments? | Score: 0 ) Posted by nuke on Thursday, May 05 @ 05:14:28 CDT (514 reads)
Anthony North: Let me make it clear from the beginning that I accept a lost civilization could once have existed, but I do not believe it is Atlantis. Rather, Atlantis is a metaphor. But this said, there is a great deal of importance attached to Atlantis. We are used to all forms of theories concerning Atlantis, but could it be that it holds a vital force within our intelligentsia and academic advancement itself? Indeed, could it fuel our idea of who we think we are? Atlantis bad: Intellectuals ... Read More
B Billy Marse professional geologist attempting to link the 1920 to 30’s Dust Bowl to a preglacial condition, unearthed an End-of-Days plan, a Revelation built into modern society, based on religion. The discovery involved identifying and mapping the 110,000 year rotating earth climate termed Glacial Respiration. This climate switches through patterns, where a long COLD period (100,000-year Glacial Winter) is followed by a short WARM period (10,000-year Global Summer). Traumatic environmental ex... Read More
Anthony North: Did Atlantis exist, or was it merely a fantasy conjured up by Plato, and kept alive through wishful thinking over the centuries? If it did exist, where can we find it"s remains? We can ask other questions. For instance, just what WAS Atlantis? How did it disappear? In this essay I will be examining just a few such theories, and seeing where realistic ideas end and fantasy begins. Pillars of hercules: One popular assertion from Plato is that Atlantis was ‘beyond the Pillars of Herc... Read More
Atlantis! Lemuria! Shamballha! Shangri-La! The very names conjure up images of sunken cities or forgotten lands hidden in the impenetrable jungle or amongst mountain peaks somewhere beyond the edges of civilization. They also suggest ancient and powerful cultures and technologies long vanished from the world, remnants of which—if popular imagination is to be believed—may still lie slumbering in the caverns far beneath the earth. Is there any truth in such beliefs? Allied to the n... Read More
Anthony North: One of the most written about mysteries is that of Atlantis. What does it mean? What is it? Where is it? What influence does it have on us? Does it exist in the first place? So many questions, so many ideas. For this essay I thought I"d go back to source and see if we can learn anything about its conception. And the beginning of the myth takes us back to that great philosopher, Plato, who first wrote about it. But can we find hints in Plato"s life and mind itself? Early life: Bein... Read More
Gary Levine is spending $10 million to build a cemetery under the sea. Does he need to decompress?In life, radio disc jockey Roby Yonge was pretty weird. Best known for propagating on-air the "Paul is dead" rumor about Beatles member Paul McCartney in 1969, he believed in life on other planets and was obsessed with discovering the mythical lost city of Atlantis. Now, nine years after his death, Yonge's family has found the storied city for him--in name, at least--and plans to ... Read More
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By Dr
Iain Stewart
)
Translated
by Vera Solovieva
Plato
describes Atlantis as an isle that had its position in the Atlantic. (In order
to achieve a better understanding, we have to take note of the former Greek
conception of the world: The Atlantic was imagined as the ocean surrounding the
former known continents, meaning Africa and Eurasia).
