The so-called “chemtrails” that are seen almost everywhere in the skies of the world are an incredible phenomenon of our time, if only because like UFO sightings, the broad span of social, political, and intellectual life of major nations largely ignores such things utterly. Even those with imagination (artists, playwrights, novelists, poets) ignore such anomalistic things as UFOs and chemtrails, even though they offer images, symbols, metaphors, intrigue, mysterious technology, and much more besides! This changingof the skies of the world full previously of traditional pantomime clouds to a sky scored by lines of whitish-grey streaks is totally ignored by major news, media, and communication outlets.
This is strange again given that the effects are quite spectacular and beautiful when lit by the evening sun. The trails spread out at different rates, they come from different angles, and the aircraft that create them can be seen streaking across the sky, often several at once, and at extremely high speeds. The word “chemtrails” is used here for lack of a better word, but it is unlikely that what we see spreading out across the sky are chemicalsof some sort. Such an amount of chemicals would surely have the most immediate and obvious effect on both our minds and environment. We would be please to hear from environmental group who have more specialized knowledge about any kind of chemical/environmental approach.
What does it say about the Central Intelligence Agency that its agents can crack the secret codes of enemy nations but can't unravel a coded sculpture sitting outside their cafeteria window? It says, perhaps, that artist Jim Sanborn, who created the cryptographic sculpture named Kryptos that sits on CIA grounds, could have a career in covert operations if he ever grows tired of stumping the experts. It's been nearly 15 years since Sanborn installed the 12-foot-high, verdigrised copper, granite and wood sculpture inscribed withfour encrypted messages at the CIA's Langley, Virginia, headquarters in 1990.
And it's been seven years since anyone made progress at cracking its code. But publication of the novel The Da Vinci Code has renewed interest in solving the puzzle because author Dan Brown made two veiled references to Kryptos on his book's dust jacket. Brown's publisher sponsored a contest around the references, and Brown has hinted that his next book, which takes place in Washington, D.C., may feature the sculpture in some way. This is good news to Elonka Dunin, an executive producer and manager at Missouri gaming company Simutronics, who is obsessedwith cracking Kryptos and thinks that the more people who work on the puzzle the quicker they'll solve it. "We have lots of different theories that we're chasing down," Dunin said of her band of sleuths, which includes some CIA employees. "But there's no way we'll know whether we're on the right track until something comes loose."
A long standing puzzle that has haunted climate researchers looking at the fate of carbon stored in the world's soils, has now been resolved. The research suggests that climate warming may be occurring even faster than previously recognised. The international team of researchers, led by Bristol University and reporting in Nature [20 January 2005], show that an apparent biological adaptation of micro-organisms that break down carbon in soils, thereby releasing carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, can in fact be explained by the widely contrasting properties of those organic carbons. Recent reports of laboratory experiments have stated that the micro-organisms responsible for soil carbon decomposition gradually acclimatise to an increase in heat and adjust the rate atwhich carbon is released into the atmosphere, such that it is effectively released at a steady rate.
However, this does not agree with long-established rules of physical chemistry that predict that as the climate warms these reactions should speed up, resulting in an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide released. The team of researchers at Bristol University and the Natural Environment Research Council's QUEST programme, the Max-Planck-Institute for Biogeochemistry in Germany, and the National Centre for Atmospheric Research in Colorado, has now managed to solve the puzzle, bringing the apparent contradictions from laboratory experiments in line with theoretical predictions. They show that what looked liked a biological adaptation of the micro-organisms can in fact be explained by widely contrasting properties of organic carbon present in soils. These properties range from highlydigestible (labile) sugar-like compounds to almost stable, charcoal-like compounds which the micro-organisms have difficulty breaking down. Such an extreme mixture has so far prevented theoretical interpretation of the laboratory experiments. The next step will be to apply the new theory in complex climate simulations, using so-called Earth System Models. So far, these models only use properties from the labile soil carbon because they are easier to measure. But an estimated 90% of the carbon locked up in the world's soil is made up of the more stable components, which must now be built into the model.
Scientists in the US have shown that "electrocorticographic" signals from the brain can be used to manipulate an external device. The techniques developed by Daniel Moran of Washington University in St Louis, Eric Leuthardt from the Barnes-Jewish Hospital, also in St Louis, and colleagues could ultimately lead to artificial limbs that can be controlled by thought alone.From studies on animals scientists know that specific nerve cells become active just before the animal makes a certain movement. Byprocessing the electric signals from these cells it is possible to predict the movement before it is actually made.
The same information could also be used to make an artificial limb perform the same movement. Moran and colleagues measure the neuronal signals by placing a grid of electrodes directly on the surface of the brain (figure 1). This method, which is known as electrocorticography (ECoG), is routinely used to monitor and control seizures in patients with epilepsy. It provides much better signals than electroencephalography, in which the electrodes are placed on the scalp, and is much less traumatic than procedures inwhich the electrodes actually penetrate the brain. Leuthardt, Moran and co-workers asked four volunteers -- who were already wearing the electrodes -- to perform certain movements that included opening and closing their hands and sticking out their tongue. During this time, the scientists identified which brain signals were associated with each of the different movements.
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